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A West African Tuareg gris-gris

Gris-gris (/ˈɡriːˌɡriː/GREE-gree, also spelled grigri, and sometimes also 'gregory' or 'gerregery'),[1] is a Voodooamulet originating in Africa which is believed to protect the wearer from evil or bring luck,[2] and in some West African countries is used as a method of birth control. It consists of a small cloth bag, usually inscribed with verses from an African ancestor containing a ritual number of small objects, worn on the person.

The contents of a Fula gris-gris.

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Etymology[edit]

Although the exact origins of the word are unknown, some historians trace the word back to the Yoruba word juju meaning fetish.[3] An alternative theory is that the word originates with the French joujou meaning doll or play-thing.[3] It has otherwise been attributed in scholarly sources to the Mandingo word meaning 'magic'.[1]

History[edit]

The gris-gris originated in Dagomba in Ghana and was associated with Islamic traditions.[4] Originally the gris-gris was adorned with Islamic scripture and was used to ward off evil spirits (evil djinn) or bad luck.[4] Historians of the time noted that they were frequently worn by non-believers and believers alike, and were also found attached to buildings.[4]

The practice of using gris-gris, though originating in Africa, came to the United States with enslaved Africans and was quickly adopted by practitioners of Voodoo.[5] However, the practice soon changed, and the gris-gris were thought to bring black magic upon their 'victim.' Slaves would often use the gris-gris against their owners and some can still be seen adorning their tombs.[5] During this period, there were also reports of slaves cutting, drowning or otherwise manipulating the gris-gris of others in order to cause harm.[6] Although in Haiti, gris-gris are thought to be a good amulet[7] and are used as part of a widely practised religion; in the Cajun communities of Louisiana, gris-gris are thought to be a symbol of black magic and ill-fortune.[8] In spite of the negative connotations of gris-gris, so called Gris-Gris doctors have operated in the Creole communities of Louisiana for some centuries and are looked upon favourably by the community.[9] In the 1800s, gris-gris was used interchangeably in Louisiana to mean both bewitch and in reference to the traditional amulet.[10] Gris-gris are also used in Neo-Hoodoo which has its origins in Voodoo. In this context, a gris-gris is meant to represent the self.[11]

Contemporary use[edit]

Grist

According to a 1982 survey, gris-gris were one of the top three methods of contraception known to women in Senegal. All three were traditional methods ('abstinence, roots and herbs, and charms ['gris-gris']'). Over 60% of women reported having knowledge of such traditional methods; modern means of contraception were not well known, with the pill the best-known of those, a little over 40% of women reporting knowledge of it.[12] Gris-gris are worn by a wide strata of society by everyone 'from wrestlers to soldiers to housewives, and can feature anything from monkey to snake to mouse.'[13]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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  1. ^ abhttps://archive.org/stream/conjureinafrican00ande/conjureinafrican00ande_djvu.txt
  2. ^Knight, Jan (1980). A-Z of ghosts and supernatural. Pepper Press. p. 46. ISBN0-560-74509-5.
  3. ^ ab'Gri-gri'. The Element Encyclopedia of the Psychic World. Harper Element. 2006. p. 265.
  4. ^ abcHandloff, Robert E. (Jun–Sep 1982). 'Prayers, Amulets, and Charms: Health and Social Control'. African Studies Review. African Studies Association. 25 (2/3): 185–194. JSTOR524216.
  5. ^ ab'Folk Figures'. Western Folklore. Western States Folklore Society. 7 (4): 392. Oct 1948. JSTOR1497852.
  6. ^Touchstone, Blake (Autumn 1972). 'Voodoo in New Orleans'. Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. Louisiana Historical Association. 13 (4): 371–381. JSTOR4231284.
  7. ^Fombrun, Odette Roy, ed. (2009). 'History of The Haitian Flag of Independence'(PDF). The Flag Heritage Foundation Monograph And Translation Series Publication No. 3. p. 39. Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
  8. ^Sexton, Rocky (Oct 1992). 'Cajun and Creole Treaters: Magico-Religious Folk Healing in French Louisiana'. Western Folklore. Western States Folklore Society. 51 (3/4): 240–243. JSTOR1499774.
  9. ^Deutsch, Leonard; Dave Peyton (Spring 1979). 'Cajun Culture: An Interview'. MELUS. The Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States (MELUS). 6 (1): 86. JSTOR467522.
  10. ^Newell, W. W. 'Reports of Voodoo Worship in Hayti and Louisiana'. The Journal of American Folklore. American Folklore Society. 2 (4): 44. JSTOR533700.
  11. ^Lock, Helen (Spring 1993). ''A Man's Story Is His Gris-gris': Ishmael Reed's Neo-HooDoo Aesthetic and the African-American Tradition'. South Central Review. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 10 (1): 67–77. JSTOR3190283.
  12. ^Goldberg, Howard I.; Fara G. M'Bodji; Jay S. Friedman (December 1986). 'Fertility and Family Planning In One Region of Senegal'. International Family Planning Perspectives. Guttmacher Institute. 12 (4): 119–120. JSTOR2947982.
  13. ^'The traditional mystics going online'. BBC News Magazine. BBC. 15 March 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.[dead link]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gris-gris_(talisman)&oldid=992130883'

Gris-Gris was named New Orleans’ best new neighborhood restaurant by featuring refined, Southern cuisine, and local favorites in a casual and comfortable atmosphere. Since opening in August of 2018, Gris-Gris has been named Eater New Orleans’ Reader’s Choice for both 2018 Restaurant of the Year and Chef of the Year, New Orleans CityBusiness’ 2018 Restaurant of the Year, New Orleans Magazine Best Restaurants of 2019 and TimeOut.com Best New Orleans Restaurants 2019.

The restaurant's first floor features a chef’s table with intimate and fun dining right in the kitchen. The second floor has a chic bar plus indoor/outdoor balcony seating. Open 7 days a week, Gris-Gris serves classic Southern dishes and New Orleans favorites such as shrimp and grits, chicken and dumplings, Creole tomato shrimp remoulade, oyster and caviar po boys, and redfish court-bouillon. 2019 kicked off brunch on Saturday and Sunday from 11-5 p.m.

Griswold


Griselda Blanco

Executive Chef & Owner, Eric Cook is a native of New Orleans, Louisiana, is a combat veteran who served six years in the United States Marine Corps. With training from the John Folse Culinary Institute, he began his culinary career at Brennan’s in the French Quarter where he studied under Chef Mike Roussel. Soon after, Cook joined the team at Commander’s Palace as Sous Chef and Chef de Partie. Cook has also worked as a private chef, executive banquet chef, and research and development consultant for several national restaurants. His career has taken him through some of the finest restaurants in New Orleans and he has served as Executive Chef for National WWII Museum’s American Sector, Dickie Brennan’s Bourbon House, Tommy’s Cuisine, and N.O.S.H.

Cook has worked on television shows such as Top Chef New Orleans and Off the Menu, After Hours with Daniel Boulud. He has been featured in magazines such as Saveur, Flavor & The Menu, St. Charles Avenue, Plate Magazine, Inkspired, and Louisiana Cookin’. He represented New Orleans at the James Beard House “Wild About Wild American Shrimp” event in 2007, and at the grand opening of the Southern Food and Beverage Museum (SoFAB). Cook also participates in the New Orleans Wine and Food Experience and Tales of the Cocktail. He has been honored to cook for the NFL Hall of Fame, the U.S. Marine Corps Ball and U.S. Navy Ball, private dinners the Sergeant Major of the United States Marine Corps and Vice Admiral of the Navy Reserve, and well as a special dinner for President George W. Bush, the President of Mexico, and the Prime Minister of Canada.

Gris Gacr

In 2016 Cook won the National Chef’s Taste Challenge, 1st place in the Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Seafood Competition, and is barbecue team 'Born to Grill' won Whole Hog Champion of Hogs for the Cause. He has also participated in Great American Seafood Cookoff, the Louisiana Seafood Cookoff, New Orleans Wine & Food Experience, New Orleans Oyster Festival, and Euphoria Greenville. In 2019 he was named a culinary legend at the ACF Best Chefs of Louisiana.

Grismer Tire

An advocate for the United States military and his hometown, Cook is a member of the Veterans of Foreign Wars, and is a founder and President of the First to Fight Foundation. He stayed in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina to helped feed troops and first responders. Cook is an active volunteer for organizations such as Wounded Warriors, The Legacy Foundation, Disposable Heroes Project, We Heart Veterans, and The American Red Cross. He also volunteers for events such as the Steel Beach Picnic, Café Hope Mentor Program, Edible School Yard New Orleans, St. Michael’s Chef’s Charity, Better Than Ezra Foundation, New Orleans Local Fire Dept., Stanley Brock's Black & Gold Foundation, and many schools and charitable organizations in the New Orleans area.